What does it mean to get an electric shock from touching someone, according to science?

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You’re walking along, you reach out to someone… and bang! A small shock runs through your fingers. Surprising, sometimes slightly unpleasant, often misunderstood: this feeling that someone is « electrocuting » you is not uncommon. But then, what exactly is happening? And above all, is it dangerous? Rest assured: not at all. But it is very interesting.

Static electricity, a common phenomenon

This little shock is actually a discharge of static electricity. Nothing mysterious: it’s simply physics. When two differently charged bodies touch, the electrons try to rebalance each other, and presto, a spark occurs. 

In short: we all carry a small electrical reserve within us.

Why does this happen to you more often than to others?

This is not « bad karma. » There are several factors that explain why some people experience these shocks more frequently: 

  • Clothing: Polyester, wool, and other synthetic fibers generate more friction (and therefore static electricity).
  • Ambient air: In winter or in a dry climate, humidity is low and the electrical charge is less easily dissipated. As a result, it accumulates.
  • Shoes: Rubber soles insulate and prevent the charge from dissipating.  And a carpeted floor further accentuates this phenomenon.
  • Activity: The more you move, especially on synthetic surfaces, the more the load increases.
  • The body: Depending on skin hydration or perspiration, some people are more sensitive to static electricity. 

Is it dangerous for health?

The good news is that in the vast majority of cases, these mini-shocks are harmless. They may be surprising and a little uncomfortable, but they pose no risk to a healthy person.Be careful, however, if you wear:

  • a pacemaker (cardiac stimulator),
  • or sensitive medical devices.

In rare cases, static electricity can cause interference. If this is your situation, avoid very dry environments, choose cotton clothing, and maintain a good humidity level.

Can we avoid these discharges?

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